propagation has 3 distinct synonyms spread across 2 of its 3 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
the spreading of something (a belief or practice) into new regions
the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production
the movement of a wave through a medium
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for propagation come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.