alum has 8 distinct synonyms spread across 3 of its 4 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the ammonium double sulfate of aluminum
a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the potassium double sulfate of aluminum
a double sulphate of aluminum and potassium that is used as an astringent (among other things)
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for alum come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.