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About this tool
The 22 Hebrew letters with their five final forms, the niqqud vowel points, gematria values and a working Hebrew numeral converter.
The Hebrew alphabet is an abjad of 22 consonant letters written right to left, five of which take a different shape at the end of a word — kaf, mem, nun, pe and tsadi become ך, ם, ן, ף and ץ. This explorer lists every letter with its name, sound, final form and numeric value, shows the niqqud vowel points that are added in scripture and children's books, and includes working converters for gematria and for Hebrew numerals. Gematria and numerals are presented as features of the writing system, not as a method of divination.
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The five sofit letters are shown alongside their ordinary forms and counted correctly in both gematria methods.
Standard mispar hechrachi and the expanded mispar gadol, where final letters carry 500 to 900.
Hundreds above 400 build by repeating tav, and 15 and 16 use the טו and טז spellings.
22 letters, all consonants, written from right to left. Five of them — kaf, mem, nun, pe and tsadi — have a separate final form used when they end a word, which is why you sometimes see 27 shapes counted.
Gematria adds up the numeric value of each letter in a word: alef is 1 through yod at 10, then tens to 100, then hundreds to 400. So שלום is 300 + 30 + 6 + 40 = 376, and חי is 8 + 10 = 18, which is why 18 is a traditional gift amount.
They are niqqud, the vowel points: a single dot beneath is hirik (i), three diagonal dots are kubutz (u), two vertical dots are sheva. Everyday Hebrew leaves them out, and they appear mainly in scripture, poetry, dictionaries and books for beginners.
Because יה would spell part of the divine name, so 15 is written as 9 + 6 (טו) and 16 as 9 + 7 (טז). This substitution is why the Jewish festival on the 15th of Shvat is called Tu BiShvat.