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translate has 5 distinct synonyms spread across 3 of its 10 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
restate (words) from one language into another language
“I have to translate when my in-laws from Austria visit the U.S.”
change from one form or medium into another
“Braque translated collage into oil”
make sense of a language
“She understands French”
change the position of (figures or bodies) in space without rotation
be equivalent in effect
“the growth in income translates into greater purchasing power”
be translatable, or be translatable in a certain way
“poetry often does not translate”
subject to movement in which every part of the body moves parallel to and the same distance as every other point on the body
express, as in simple and less technical language
“Can you translate the instructions in this manual for a layman?”
determine the amino-acid sequence of a protein during its synthesis by using information on the messenger RNA
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for translate come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.