speculation has 8 distinct synonyms spread across 4 of its 4 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence
a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)
“speculations about the outcome of the election”
an investment that is very risky but could yield great profits
“he knew the stock was a speculation when he bought it”
continuous and profound contemplation or musing on a subject or series of subjects of a deep or abstruse nature
“the habit of meditation is the basis for all real knowledge”
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for speculation come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.