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radiation has 7 distinct synonyms spread across 3 of its 7 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles
the act of spreading outward from a central source
syndrome resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., exposure to radioactive chemicals or to nuclear explosions); low doses cause diarrhea and nausea and vomiting and sometimes loss of hair; greater exposure can cause sterility and cataracts and some forms of cancer and other diseases; severe exposure can cause death within hours
“he was suffering from radiation”
the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay
the spread of a group of organisms into new habitats
a radial arrangement of nerve fibers connecting different parts of the brain
(medicine) the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to a radioactive substance
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for radiation come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.