period has 12 distinct synonyms spread across 4 of its 7 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
the interval taken to complete one cycle of a regularly repeating phenomenon
(ice hockey) one of three divisions into which play is divided in hockey games
a unit of geological time during which a system of rocks formed
“ganoid fishes swarmed during the earlier geological periods”
the end or completion of something
“death put a period to his endeavors”
the monthly discharge of blood from the uterus of nonpregnant women from puberty to menopause
“the women were sickly and subject to excessive menstruation”
a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations
“in England they call a period a stop”
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for period come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.