nucleus has 5 distinct synonyms spread across 3 of its 6 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
the positively charged dense center of an atom
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for nucleus come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.
a small group of indispensable persons or things
“five periodicals make up the core of their publishing program”
(astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
the central structure of the lens that is surrounded by the cortex