finish has 27 distinct synonyms spread across 10 of its 15 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. Its one recorded opposite is start.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)
“the boat had a metallic finish”
the temporal end; the concluding time
“the stopping point of each round was signaled by a bell”
a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality
“they performed with great polish”
the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)
“a crowd assembled at the finish”
designated event that concludes a contest (especially a race)
“excitement grew as the finish neared”
the downfall of someone (as of persons on one side of a conflict)
“booze will be the finish of him”
event whose occurrence ends something
“his death marked the ending of an era”
(wine tasting) the taste of a wine on the back of the tongue (as it is swallowed)
“the wine has a nutty flavor and a pleasant finish”
the act of finishing
“his best finish in a major tournament was third”
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for finish come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.
finish eating all the food on one's plate or on the table
“She polished off the remaining potatoes”
cause to finish a relationship with somebody
“That finished me with Mary”