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extraneous has 6 distinct synonyms spread across 3 of its 4 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
not pertinent to the matter under consideration
“an issue extraneous to the debate”
not belonging to that in which it is contained; introduced from an outside source
“water free of extraneous matter”
1 of the 4 recorded senses carries no synonym, antonym or related term, so it is not shown above. Every sense, with its definition and examples, is on the full entry for extraneous.
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for extraneous come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.