descriptive linguistics has no recorded synonym. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. Its one recorded opposite is prescriptive linguistics.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
a description (at a given point in time) of a language with respect to its phonology and morphology and syntax and semantics without value judgments
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for descriptive linguistics come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.