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catalyst has 1 distinct synonym spread across 1 of its 2 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. Its one recorded opposite is anticatalyst.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
(chemistry) a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for catalyst come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.
something that causes an important event to happen
“the invasion acted as a catalyst to unite the country”