caltrop has 6 distinct synonyms spread across 3 of its 3 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
tropical annual procumbent poisonous subshrub having fruit that splits into five spiny nutlets; serious pasture weed
a plant of the genus Trapa bearing spiny four-pronged edible nutlike fruits
Mediterranean annual or biennial herb having pinkish to purple flowers surrounded by spine-tipped scales; naturalized in America
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for caltrop come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.