amino acid has 1 distinct synonym spread across 1 of its 1 sense. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group
“proteins are composed of various proportions of about 20 common amino acids”
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for amino acid come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.