penitentiary has 2 distinct synonyms spread across 2 of its 3 senses. Each sense below keeps its own list, because a synonym belongs to a meaning and not to a word: swapping one sense's substitute into another sense's sentence is how a thesaurus makes writing worse. WordNet records no antonym for it — antonymy is a relation between word forms rather than concepts, so it is deliberately sparse.
a correctional institution for those convicted of major crimes
1 of the 3 recorded senses carries no synonym, antonym or related term, so it is not shown above. Every sense, with its definition and examples, is on the full entry for penitentiary.
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for penitentiary come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.