WordNet records no synonym and no antonym for absolute magnitude. It is the only member of its synset, which is common for technical, taxonomic and single-sense vocabulary — there is no other English word that means the same thing. The broader and narrower terms below are the useful relations in that case.
Counts are distinct word forms across every sense. A synonym that appears under three senses is counted once here and shown three times below, under each sense it belongs to.
(astronomy) the magnitude that a star would have if it were viewed from a distance of 10 parsecs (32.62 light years) from the earth
Synonyms, antonyms and the broader and narrower relations for absolute magnitude come from Princeton University’s WordNet. Full sources and licences.