The program
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Expected output
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Pyramid: * *** ***** ****************Ulta triangle:* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
How it works
Each row of the pyramid is built as a string before it is printed. Row i needs rows - i spaces and then 2 * i - 1 stars, so the shape widens by two stars per row and stays centred.
The inverted triangle counts down instead: the loop starts at rows and uses i = i - 1. Each row prints i copies of "* ".
Pattern programs are good practice for nested loops: the outer loop picks the row, the inner loops decide what goes in it.