The program
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Expected output
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Naman -> palindrome haiMalayalam -> palindrome haiAltFLang -> palindrome nahi haiKayak -> palindrome haiChai -> palindrome nahi hai
How it works
A palindrome reads the same forwards and backwards. chhota lowercases the word first so that "Naman" counts. Then two positions walk towards each other: left from the start and right from the end.
You can read a single character of text with square brackets, exactly like a list item. If the two characters ever differ, the word is not a palindrome and the function returns galat straight away. If the pointers meet without a mismatch, it returns sahi.
The one-line alternative is chhota(word) == ulta(chhota(word)) — but the loop shows what that shortcut is doing for you.